Malware is software designed to damage or gain unauthorized access to systems. Protecting against malware includes using antivirus programs, keeping systems updated, and educating users.
- Virus: Self-replicates and spreads to other files.
- Ransomware: Encrypts files and demands payment.
- Trojans: Disguise as legitimate programs but carry malicious code.
Example:
An email attachment that claims to be an invoice but contains ransomware. Antivirus software can detect and block it.